Número do registro
AUD.UMT.012
Fundo
Memória da EletricidadeFundos
Produtor
GlobotecOrganização
Descrição
Em 1956 o governo de Juscelino Kubitscheck prevê a construção de grandes hidrelétricas e termelétricas que aproveitasse os excedentes da produção carbonífera do sul do país.
Data
13/03/1990
Tipo Documental
Vídeo institucionalTipo documental
Suporte
U-Matic
Idioma
PortuguêsIdioma
Cromia
CorCromia
Duração
00:00:49
Transcrição
like that
would be quiet
[Music]
it's faster
foreign
now we have the the lecture the
coordination process in a hydraulic
based system from Francisco
good afternoon this lecture was prepared
practically in two days
and I received the invitation with a lot
of honor to be to come here today make
this presentation in this international
meeting I received the invitation last
Friday and uh of course I didn't have
much time to prepare a more elaborate
lecture that would go more in depth
about the issues that are being dealt
here that could reflect a little closer
issues of criteria in even methodology
and due to this
I tried to to give a more General
approach more superficial approach to
the issues here debated and eventually
what I will say here and will not bring
many news for you it was not my interest
to bring anything new for you here
mainly because they don't exist today
due to the deregulation processes that
are happening all over the world
but I am very much concerned about
something and I will talk about this to
you and I hope I can give you a little
contribution and understanding better a
few Concepts I believe in Brazil we're
still in a process of transition and
this process almost always leads us to
some doubts to some some sensations of
lack of motivation
such a sensation that these beers as as
the concepts start to get more firm more
established and I believe this is my
intention through this lecture as I said
before is a more General lecture I want
to contribute so that we can understand
a little bit better the concepts because
once we understand well the concepts
even if if there are little differences
very subtle differences indeed if they
exist they may lead to great resource
results results even negative results so
this issue of concept is of extreme
importance however the title of my
lecture proposed by the coordination is
a more General title the coordination
process in a hydraulic based system
I I decided to speak rather about
the Brazilian situation uh having in
mind that as we are all aware of we have
a a very single situation all over the
world of characteristics in our electric
sector sector even in very typical
situations just like the Brazilian monoi
the North or the Norway system that is
profoundly hydraulic our system has
great differences in terms of the size
and the behavior of the hydraulic system
itself so my focus is on the Brazilian
system as in a way as a way to take
advantage of this moments to discuss the
changes that are happening within the
sector I prepared
um
the transparencies in English I am
speaking in Portuguese and I I believe
uh this will be interesting for all of
you and also for our foreign guests they
will be able to follow my presentation
easier together with simultaneous
translation they can read our
transparences in English and for the
Brazilian colleagues by I will speak in
Portuguese and I'm sure they won't have
any problem in understanding we won't
have any any language barrier during my
presentation
foreign
[Music]
because it is a concept you must start
exactly in the basis so I I have to
mention have to to mention some things
that I think are extremely relevant
which are the basic concepts connected
to the electrical sector that have
changed radically in the last years
first of them uh this concept that
historically the electrical sector has
been considered
in its logical fundaments uh supported
two great uh logic fundaments which are
the pillars of our concept
that is a so-called natural monopoly
what is a natural monopoly in economical
terms a natural monopoly is when we
start from the the idea that that
solution is the most advantageous one
from the canonical standpoint or another
once the one that yields to lower costs
that's the one
this is an issue that when a corpora was
installed in the United States in 1978
when there was a already there's broad
understanding that the generation in the
electric sector that characteristic of
natural monopoly didn't exist anymore
there was a space for computativity this
is an issue that I believe has been
broadly understood and and
understood all over the world this loss
of the natural monopoly but there's
another side the right side here
considering the electric sector that is
a public good with a public service
and here we have a little more we need a
bit more understanding as Dr Lazaro
yesterday talk to us here in Brazil it
is a constitutional the electric service
is a public service with constitutional
basis
however one day of course with this with
all these changes that are happening all
over the world in search for
competitivity and uh I am I very much an
inside the project of changes in the
system but also linked to Old Concepts a
colleague of mine from semigue
approached me and herself Francisco
what do you think what is your opinion
uh why electric energy is a public
service
I started to to to talk about a number
of situations first of all it's a good
that is used by all it's a good that
serves all modern society it's a good
that is necessary for the development
for the for pro progress the original
developments of all the areas in other
words I mentioned the many advantages
after that he asked me how well let's
imagine salt for example
is it a necessary good for the
population I said yes it is it is and
it's a basic need all the population
need salt they have they need salt in
order to survive of course some abuse
salt others are prohibited of using salt
due to Medical uh prescription but in
general it is a a a good of public
domain everyone must have it so he asked
me why the distribution of salt is not
considered a public service
and then I I started to get mixed up in
my head I thought that's very
interesting point you know everyone
needs that in a general way and it is
not considered a public service why not
well afterwards I the conclusion that of
course it's not a public service it is
not a public service because it's a
system that the market itself regulates
going even deeper in this issue we
conclude that the electric sector it's
not uh similar to Salt because
unfortunately up to today we don't have
technology and it would be very hard to
have this technology in the future that
technology that allows us to go to a
supermarket and buy packets of
electricity
so what characterizes the electrical
sector uh very makes it very different
from the other Goods considered public
goods
it is in the concept of a commodity is
that electric energy demands a certain
level of coordination Demands a certain
level of treatment
a differentiated treatment and then yes
it allows a certain characteristic of
public sector and practice however we
then have a second point we have when we
got into the situation there is the
needs that we we have the uh the gift we
must develop as much as possible to find
the real Watershed in other words we
must know how to exploit in any
situation of ourselves we must know how
to exploit in any environment Where We
Are
base of self-regulation
I see here
my friend and I remember our famous
nautical or some decades ago he created
the famous load frequency control the
principles of load frequency control
known by everyone as automatic
generation control what is then this
automatic generation controller load
frequency control in the past what is
this it is a system
totally self-regulated system
if it's totally self-regulated it means
that it is very simple to be managed if
we have that little touch from the gene
of Mr Nathan Kong Nathan Kong to clarify
the phases of HSC so that that things
would start working
we have the other side of the coin as
well as the case of Federal Express we
all are aware of that that reached the
conclusion that their process of back
distribution was a process that needed a
high degree of regulation of
coordination a transferred all its
operational bases to inside the United
States established a system that is
eminently centralized of control and it
leaped in quality it was a great leap in
quality in terms of competition all over
the world and it became the federal
express that we are all aware of so we
must find the Watershed of
self-regulation in order to find this
Watershed we must profoundly understand
the concept so if this concept is so
easy as I am placing to you here in a
transparency and on overhead if we
translate this into practice sometimes
it's not as easy to understand in terms
of its basic principles its Concepts I'd
like to leave this very clear here right
now
is not a natural monopoly in other words
it's not totally faced as a natural
monopoly we we found that it is not also
totally it must be totally faced as a
pure Public Service public good as I
have just mentioned so all over the
world they are these three pillars
between the past and the future are
being built
the first pillar is natural monopoly so
there is a pillar for competition
there's a bridge for competition the
second bridge is of the public service
in which there is space in order to
transform Public Service in a in a
business concept a stronger business
concept a clear business concept more
Dynamic more objective and the third
Bridge here is that the electrical
sector up to to now has lived very
little with externalities and we are
living today in a moment in which
externalities things from outside are
fundamental uh things from outside in
the market due to environment and also
in the hydraulic system this is even
more obvious for us because besides the
impact in the environment there are the
great externalities uh provoked or by
the multiple uses of water so we must be
able to understand very well these
externalities these things that come
from outside in order to get out of the
of that public service
label to understand that there is a
space for competitivity
for competition we must be able to
understand well the domain of this
externalities without going beyond the
space or competition that we want to
give of course if we compose this forces
we will be in condition to leave an end
of the scale and get to the other end in
other words the left side representing
the total need of control a pure
Monopoly energy as a pure public service
and the the right side it's a business
competition
totally controlled totally directed by
the market forces it's totally Market
driven totally these deregulated and
energy is considered a pure commodity of
course not neither the the British model
is not to the right side of the process
it's important not to know if we're here
or here it's important to be aware
that we will find our space and function
of our peculiarities of our
circumstances of our particularities and
the moments that the Brazilian sector is
living right now I think this is the
important point if we can find this
moment or we and I believe everything
will be natural as a consequence will be
very quick
before going on
to the reason of my lecture itself I'd
like to say a little word about what is
going on in Brazil right now I'm not
going to make any approach about the
restructuring of the Brazilian
electrical sector even though because
it's it's crawling in its first initial
steps but I believe it is fundamental
for us to to make another Bridge about
what I have just said and what comes
what comes ahead of us here in our
country
we have then we have some forces some
driving forces that are that are leading
us to our re-regulation our
restructuring here in our country the
first of those
is the attraction of the need of for
attraction of private Capital local and
international investors these are the
things we must search for the may be the
main reason for uh the main reason of
all of those is the need to to tap
resources in order to leverage the
expansion of the system maybe this will
be the main focus right now that we are
going through the need for a search of a
larger a greater efficiency of the
secret Factory itself and also the
process of introduction of competition
that will work as a medium for these
things to happen
the decision for privatization of the
from the government aiming basically
having basically two objectives the
search of our company competition
especially the search for competition
and with this the government is getting
out of its role as entrepreneurial state
to regulator State and supervisor state
supervisor of the national interests but
with another very important point for
the Brazilian government which is to tap
resources and through that tapping of
resources through privatization to make
a
a a amortization of this public debt
you have also to say that there is the
world wave of deregulation that of
course this influences us in a way or
another sometimes a beneficial or
influence sometimes it's a non-benefical
influence but we must be very careful
and in knowing how to take advantage of
the Dominate dominating wins of this
future however knowing how to extract of
those dominating wins extract the the
spaces for of feds of Fashions I believe
this is these are fundamental issues
that we must always bear in mind what is
happening in Brazil we're we're living
with a hybrid situation that leads the
international Investments to to a little
uncertainty this week the newspaper has
said that Dr Peter grinding together
with Mario's Sons were in the seminar in
in London
and there was a little frustration for
the international investors due to what
was said there not from uh not in the
Brazilian government but what was said
there because they could not show a
Clarity a a an opening for the
international investors I believe this
is this is simple maybe you all know
this
what happens is that what happened is
that we have to live with a hybrid
situation this is what is happening
right now and this is what would be
Optimum to happen this is the ideal
situation in the left side we implanted
those two laws that Dr Lazaro mentioned
very well to us yesterday but those are
systems that were implemented with great
and deeper formulations in the system
but in in mainly the inch with mainly
the introduction of the the retail
customer or what share whichever name
you want to use it leads to deep Prof a
deep modifications in the system but
without knowing exactly a very clear
focus of where we want to reach in terms
of our sector but unfortunately we
cannot stand still waiting as seeing the
watch The Watch movie and we are
stopping we're standing still and Brazil
needs investments in the electrical
sector we must find a way out of this in
this way out is to bear in mind that we
must live with a hybrid a temporary
hybrid situation where these devices
implemented regulation definitely
regulating their basic aspect for
example a bidding process
a in a more concept of the independent
producer and it's a space to take
immediate infection active effective
action that allow us to continue with
the expansion of the system program
parallel to that the Brazilian
government intends to hire International
Consultants uh who which would have the
mission of proposing a basically basic
definite model on top of which
afterwards the modification would be
made in no
the legal framework that eventually and
it very likely this will imply in
modifications in here in what is written
here
and then yes we could start with a
definition of the regulation in terms
indefinite terms and long lasting times
so that we could go on to an
implementation process therefore this
Duality this hybrid situation we must
live with it unfortunately we cannot cry
the cry over the fact that we did not
develop this concept of basic models so
far time has gone through has gone by we
must walk forward we must imagine it
this way and try to accelerate
accelerate this process and so we can
continue and meet the dimension and the
country would not reach a situation of
having to cut down its energy Supply in
the future years what actions were
developed in terms of actions towards
competition search for competition these
are things that you are all very aware
about it has been established through
our to the acts 175 of the Constitution
that was regulated through the air to
8987 or concessions law the process of
providing buildings through public
bidding process it has been clarified to
you yesterday through Dr Alonso we have
reading to introduce some basic pillars
some basic devices in the process of
competition the introduction of the
independent power producer the
establishment of the of the open Acts
and there there is a means now
that makes this feasible in some way
this means of course we'll have to be
reformulated it's called centrel or
national system of an electric energy
transmission it was conceived in a
certain point in time a certain
conjuncture the moment the conjuncture
today is another of course we must
reformat that reformulate everything in
order to continue with the project
process of implementation especially of
the Open Access and we also introduced
this is definite here I'm not going to
going back on here they don't depend on
regulation anymore because regulation is
clear but the retail willing for the
large consumers
consumers these that would be currently
labeled of 10 megawatts or above 10
megawatts that have tensions of 69 KV or
above that so this is a device that has
been created there's no way back and an
acceleration in the process of
privatization that has been broadly
discussed here so far
more specific about the hydraulic system
of course we have had the opportunity
through some presentations here in from
Norway from Sweden
some other references to the hydraulic
sector it's characteristics and
peculiarities but I have I have to say I
have to be repetitive here because this
is very important in the concerning the
objective of my lecture
so here we have some aspects that give a
unique quality to any system first of
all that the water is a multiple use
uh item electrical energy navigation
supply of water in the hall and the
homes
um flood control Etc
the consequence
there are several agents developed in
the process not only the electrical
sector but for outside
agents communities Etc
it's a system that has a stochastic
Behavior because the basic input is
water
it requires
and induces
the needs of great transfer of energies
between regions
between areas of or generating areas
and there is a certain content
complementarity between the Cycles in
Norway they don't have that because you
have the period of summer in the period
of winter when you have a lot of ice
while in Brazil we have different
hydraulic situations uh all through the
country because this is a very large
country sometimes a certain river is in
the period in a season of rains and the
others in the drought season
so there is a complementarity that must
be treated with a coordination process
so this causes these unique conditions
which is the basis of the electrical
poems be it competitive or not
the need of having a coordination for
managing conflicts the several conflicts
that may appear Within These different
usages and the needs of use for
maximizing the resource that the the the
the resource called water or any other
activity connected to water
what are the characteristics of the
Brazilian electrical sector besides all
this what are the very peculiar
characteristics of our system we have a
hydraulic system which represents 95
percent of all installed capacity only
about five percent
comes from of thermoelectric energy we
have great reservoirs with the so-called
bed reservoirs that provide non-annual
regularization
regularizations which take four or five
years they regularize the courses for
these periods we have great transfer of
energies between regions especially
between the Southeastern and the South
Region due to these hydrologic behaviors
which are different we have a situation
which generates complexities
we have different utilities operating
the same river the same basics
this brings other conflicts
generally uh
generation centers far from load centers
and here we have the real Ayah important
item all this plus the characteristics
of the system
caused Brazil to implement according a
centralized coordination highly
concentrated highly centralized
beginning with the planning for
expansion planning of operation until
monitoring of real time with the bases
in two main objectives the first one is
to optimize energetic resources and the
second to look for
trustfulness of reliability
of the system this situation nowadays is
seen as what
how is it configured how is it set up
we are under
a Criterion that is established in our
the Creed law
that says that the whole Brazilian
energetic system must be coordinated
managed controlled based
in a con in a concept of the rating of
benefits and costs everything goes
around it it's the rating
or polling there are advantages
distribute the advantages throughout all
the participants disadvantages the same
way to do that the use of the system is
the only great goal
and from then on we have among several
other things I chose two we have the
rating of a fossil fuel costs the the
CCC
uh it's a rating which is the divides
the costs among all the participants and
the rating of surpluses of energy
establish the forms
for defining the values if there are
surpluses they are
shared through this rating system
in a very centralized system
from operation to the DN Services which
is responsible for the definition of all
Supply contracts
it has everything it is very centralized
a decision Criterion Etc
but all this
we can squeeze and squeeze and we'll get
the same juice the Brazilian system is
managed as if it were a very huge
Enterprise a very huge company
and if I come to install a power plant
it is as if I just built it and gave it
to the system it did not belong to my
business it belonged to the system you
do it with it whatever you want it is as
if it were that uh
that way
of course all businesses survived within
this process because
this did not exist we could survive in a
situation like that because we didn't
have the so-called retail agreement
if it were a no huge uh utility
as if there were only a market a very
huge Market with low attractivity low
productivity Etc however this such this
situation allowed for it because there
was a captive market and from the point
of view of the market it has very low uh
entrepreneurial risks this does not
exist anymore we cannot operate under
these circumstances the Brazilian system
cannot be managed to having this or
taking this as a basis
and what did the situation cause
to the need that the surpluses of
energies were always sold
to a specific consumer
that the regional uh producer decided to
sell to so the decisions are definitely
technical uh if a financial evaluation
but eminently technical without taking
into consideration intrapreneurial or
business or strategic points of view
and very few very little freedom to
commercialize the energy
how are these forces for the change
I said that we cannot continue to go
that way so what forces are acting so
that this takes up another Direction
evidently I'm making an exercise of
thought of a scenery you may have a
different scenario but basically this is
uh part of my pedagogical presentation
that our forces that already recognize
that competitivity is a need but they
are still forcing uh competitivities
competitiveness to be as slow as
possible and there are forces that go
the other way around
the first one is the understanding that
the optimization must be the only goal
the only focus
this cannot exist we do not operate the
system only to optimize it has its space
it's room but the focus is not that
anymore because if this Focus exists
there is no competitivity so we must
know exactly how to to divide and share
these things the technical aspects of
the sector Mr Fraser mentioned he talked
about the technical culture that's a
very difficult aspect for the
implementation of new aspects of a new
ways of doing things the history of the
of the system as a whole which is a
successful story as as much as the
public see it it had its role in a
certain moment but it was correct at
that time but if it was a successful
story in the past it tends to be a block
a roadblock in the future
and evidently a certain current in the
federal government
that do not want to that does not want
to lose the status and poses some
difficulties in these changes
in the way of these changes the forces
that are that act on the on this side
are these first of them privatization
so since the government displacing a lot
of force into privatization it's it will
induce High competitivity due to the
action
of the private agents and their
interests looking for greater
profitability we have the introduction
of Independent Producers
end of the the new
consumers because we all have a free
market
world or beneficial World references all
of those which we have seen and we have
so we have seen in the last few days and
the entrance of new agents that promote
they do not bring that old culture they
influence as
agents that uh kind of triggered the the
the choice of New Opportunities so what
do we see in the future what in what
scenario do we have for the future first
of all I'd like to say
that because it's an imminently
hydraulic system we cannot evidently
disconsider the need of optimization of
the resources this is obvious in a
typical pull system why was the pull
created to optimize the resources of the
participants in the electrical system
there must be optimization to integrate
to maximize the resources of all the
participants this is inevitable
this is the focus that must be changed
this is what I've been trying to
establish as an idea
this isn't this has nothing to do with a
Criterion this is my
a way of thinking we have to pay
attention to these aspects first of all
the planning must be oriented it's a
classical model for any process of
restructuring
the coordination of the system
optimization of the system is not the
only focus the main reason or the only
reason for the sector but it is a basis
for everybody's welfare for all
participants all competitors it is going
to be a basis a search a kind of a
platform a kind of a
springboard for bringing new
participants and from this space is from
this platform we have a condition to
establish greater freedom for
negotiation
and for supplying
we have several actors considering
fixed contracts
in the spot Market somehow regulated
we can adopt the standard that was used
in Norway or any other different
standard but a kind of regulated spot
Market
the monitoring of the system and the
part of this patching
of generation according is what we have
seen it continues to exist in any system
under or deregulated system because it's
a basic need as we have seen before
the aspect of Open Access Dr demarstony
mentioned this morning that there are
two possibilities in Brazil one through
an operational agreement not the big
centered centralized aspect but a very
broad operational agreement or through a
grid operator an independent operator of
the Grid or a traditional business that
can operate this I believe personally my
own company believes that way too that
we think we should exploit at least in
the beginning the aspect of it uh
organized or inter-organizational
agreements that are several companies
several business and in our country in
which we have Continental areas
we have to use the examples of other
countries
they were
very small or smaller Geographic areas
when you introduce such a huge amount of
land that are other things that must be
taken into consideration
and we believe this should be the first
uh trial the first way to follow now we
would be willing to take up other risks
at the market risks
advantages for the companies
we see that we will have we may have
direct negotiation of energy surpluses
with those that are interested in the
market
a greater flexibility for a
commercializing your
energy
in the next transparency we're going to
deal with that again in which the
decisions that were essentially
technical
[Music]
disregarding the technical and
entrepreneurial decisions now we have
the entrepreneurial decisions the
business decisions based on technical
decisions of course but these are more
relevant now
the aspect of commercialization of
secondary energy I think it's important
for us to talk a little bit more about
that because
or better saying for that I'll make it
comparison between uh two systems a
hydraulic system and a thermic system a
very simple analysis just for us to have
an idea of the rationale that is behind
it
in a typically terminal thermal system
the system is planned
in terms of an available energy
which is already known that our
techniques were doing that clearly taken
into consideration the needs
programmed or non-programmed programmed
outputs
we have conditions to establish the
Turbo System to so that if it fits our
market so that it's suited to our Market
a typically hydraulic system what do we
have
to answer to the needs of the same
Market which is a firm characteristic
Market we must have what we call
Guaranteed energy and to have it we have
to install a greater capacity than that
because of a factor of utilization of
hydraulic power plants which is lower
than those of thermal power plants
what but later
besides those the needs which would be
the same
we would have to install this whole
power of generating power to have the
usage of this amount here we have the
appearance of a new figure in energy
which is the temporary aspect we have
this guaranteed energy it's calculated
it's evaluated based on a risk of five
percent of non
non-supplied during five percent of the
time you have the possibility of having
surpluses so these surpluses obviously I
can create a market for them that which
I call a risk market for a risk market
for them and a market in which there is
a possibility of interruption of outages
in the system and this Market is
fundamental for us to accommodate
certain markets
especially those intensive electric
markets we have a great potential for
exactly as it happens in Norway in the
market of feral Alloys in which we have
the possibility of accommodating this
risk Market because it may have lower
prices of energy
so it's important for us
to treat this differently now in today's
environment can we do that yes we have
some freedom
we have to change to have more
flexibility and make this more feasible
when I said that the analysis was simple
of course as
you broaden this analysis you see that
five percent doesn't make much of a
difference but as you amplify it you
have conditions obviously to
make this energy more easily available
and to have more space for
you may have new contracts and make
joint ventures or contracts for
temporary supplies for turbos in the mix
of both energies will make the final
cost to be competitive
for part for the parts and here here we
can establish a market
that is basically firm in they would
have it would have
established contracts they are important
to give an entrepreneurial basis
and also that is uh supplied by other
parts of the spot market and this upper
part here is specifically a spot to
Market somehow identified as such I
think this is very important for us to
make these considerations if we don't do
these considerations we run the risks
and serious risks
for example there is a gate a great
trend of preserving the CCC in the
present environment which I consider
absurd CCC is that rating of fuels in
the new
environmental uh
and competitive environment this must
disappear but evidently if there is the
need of having a transition space let us
created to accommodate the situations of
a certain businesses or certain regions
but do allow for it to exist in a
competitive environment within the
principles among the principles that I
mentioned I don't think that it is a
good rational it goes against the
concepts and to finish my thought the
less transparency the last overhead it's
a lower it's an overhead in Portuguese
which presents the synthesis of
everything which we intend to happen in
Brazil
generation we start from a past of a
monopoly a future of competition
concessions they were just given away to
the
the utilities very much and based in the
geographical Monopoly from now on it
will be through bidding by prices the
market which was a captive Market
nowadays it will be gradually liberated
the
supply to the consumer within this
concept of Market it should still
compulsory the exclusivity of a
Furnishing it becomes obligatory only
the segments that are still captive
tariffs
as our colleague said this morning
the oh it will be an only tariff by the
cost of service until loss 60 or 31 and
the rest based on the cost of the
service
and from now on differentiated
essentially on the basis of Prior based
on prices operation
Upper from that full concept of
operating as if it were a huge uh
utility now it's going to be cooperative
it will have to leave this concept of
Co-op cooperativity to go into
uh a competitive aspect it was mandatory
it is part of any mod
and social capital in Brazil due to the
privatization process which was mainly
was basically state-owned
tends to be predominantly private so
this is the synthesis which I had to
present and I hope I have been able to
contribute somehow for the explanation
of these Concepts thank you all for your
attention
[Applause]
thank you Francisco
thank you Francisco we now uh we now
have the debate session
those who want to ask questions for the
the speakers May introduce themselves
and say where they work and then
let back please
go back very well my name is Jose Le
Peck I work for sidria
I have a question
to Mr Fraser
it is a specific question to you sir
the hydro
has a great tradition
and research and development activities
r d activities and it has also it has an
Institute or a specific department
for r d as I believe I would like to
know from you
ah how are these activities after this
restructuring that happened in your
company
you know us
concentrated
transmission
software is
foreign
um
[Music]
foreign
foreign
foreign
foreign
thank you
this is
beneficial
transmission
is foreign
foreign
transmission
thank you
[Music]
foreign
[Music]
in okay
um
foreign
I do
foreign
foreign
[Music]
all the stages of planning and operation
in real time of course
but I I I wanted to I am I emphasized
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